PRIMARY LESIONS; NON-SEXUAL SPREAD OF STDS
Primary lesions of sexually transmitted infections usually involve the
genitals. Some, notably hepatitis В and HIV infection, cause no local lesion. Several cause a primary lesion and secondarily cause systemic disease or disseminated lesions. Oropharyngeal or anorectal lesions may be due to oral or anal sex. Individuals with an STD should be investigated for coexistent sexually transmitted infections.
Most sexually acquired infections including syphilis, gonorrhoea, genital
herpes, HIV infection, chlamydia, hepatitis В and HPV may be transmitted from mother to infant transplacentally or during parturition. Infections usually transmitted by sexual contact can be spread in other ways: for example, syphilis, hepatitis В and HIV may be spread by needle sharing or needlestick injuries. Gonorrhoea and chlamydia can be spread by close personal contact. In many of these diseases, lesions may occur at sites remote from the genital tract as a result of autoinoculation.
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